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br Introduction Several studies have found that hypothalamic
2024-10-03
Introduction Several studies have found that hypothalamic Akt-mediated signaling pathways play critical roles in the regulation of food intake and Phosphatase Inhibitor Cocktail 3 (100X in DMSO) metabolism in mammals [[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6]]. Central injections of the inhibitor of phosphoin
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In conclusion this study detected the expression of adiponec
2024-10-03
In conclusion, this study detected the expression of adiponectin and its receptors, AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, in goat ovarian follicles. In addition, adiponectin was shown to enhance the progression of goat oocyte nuclear maturation in vitro. The present findings provide evidence for paracrine/autocrine
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br Diabetes and obesity fit or fat sugar
2024-10-01
Diabetes and obesity: fit or fat; sugar or not: the autophagic verdict Type 2 diabetes and obesity are among the most emerging health problems worldwide. The factors that are responsible for the establishment of diabetes include decreased stearoyl-coa desaturase production, rise in adiposity, and
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br Funding The present study
2024-10-01
Funding The present study was funded by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) within Research Program 1001, unique project number: 214S349. Introduction The apelin receptor, also called APJ or angiotensin receptor-like 1 was first cloned in 1993 due to its stro
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Accumulating evidence indicates that experience dependent al
2024-10-01
Accumulating evidence indicates that experience-dependent alterations in glutamate transmission in the NAc, such as those produced by repeated exposure to cocaine, involve alterations in postsynaptic signaling mediated by AMPA-type receptors (Pierce and Wolf, 2013, Wolf and Ferrario, 2010). In the
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br Materials and methods br Discussion
2024-09-30
Materials and methods Discussion Few studies have examined peripheral PACAP levels in migraineurs, and no reports have described PACAP levels in blood samples from patients with CM. Here, we demonstrated that plasma PACAP concentrations were lower in patients with interictal migraine (in both
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In the vasculature it is
2024-09-30
In the vasculature, it is known that A2A and A2B adenosine receptors are stimulatory for adenylyl-cyclase, leading to cyclic-AMP (cAMP) production and vasodilation, while the A1 and A3 adenosine receptors are linked to the inhibitory Gi, suppressing adenylyl-cyclase and favoring contraction. However
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AdK as an important upstream regulator of
2024-09-30
AdK as an important upstream regulator of adenosine-based homeostasis represents a promising drug target since it leads to an increase in adenosine concentrations. Taking into account that the adenosine formation is only increased in affected tissues under stress with high adenosine levels, AdK inhi
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br Conclusion br Conflicts of interest br Introduction Enzym
2024-09-30
Conclusion Conflicts of interest Introduction Enzymes are widely applied as biocatalysts in fields such as synthetic chemistry [1], pharmaceuticals [2], environmental treatment [3], and food technology [4] because they can catalyze chemical transformations in a highly selective manner under
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Eicosanoids are locally acting signaling lipids that are pro
2024-09-30
Eicosanoids are locally acting signaling lipids that are produced from C20 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), including arachidonic 98 (AA, C20:4), eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5) and eicosatrienoic acid (C20:3) (Dennis and Norris, 2015; Funk, 2001; Stables and Gilroy, 2011). According to their bio
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br Role of LPA in
2024-09-30
Role of LPA in tumor angiogenesis and skeletal metastasis The angiogenesis switch is essential for tumor expansion and escape of tumor Deacetylase Inhibitor Cocktail from the primary site and forming distant metastases. Evidence for the role of LPA2 and LPA3 in the mobility of endothelial cells
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What can we learn about the
2024-09-30
What can we learn about the anticancer therapeutic efficacy of Aurora kinase inhibitors from our experience with the Bcr-Abl inhibitors and the long term clinical consequence of their use in treating leukemias? As discussed, all Aurora kinase inhibitors developed to date are ATP-competitive inhibito
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Isochlorogenic acid A Then Autodock was employed for site di
2024-09-30
Then, Autodock4.2 was employed for site directed docking on AD with the ligands of the cluster(s) having high binding affinities in VS II experiment (Morris et al., 2009). Docking protocols were followed as per our earlier report with 200 GA (genetic algorithm) run (Kalani et al., 2015). Likewise, l
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The canonical binding sites to which
2024-09-30
The canonical THZ1 sale to which α2, α3, or α5 contribute are highly similar. Therefore, differences in ligand affinity will not be large even if a ligand makes optimal use of the small differences in the pockets. As a possible alternative approach to achieve separation of compound effects, ligands
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Apelin is a peptide hormone and an endogenous ligand for
2024-09-30
Apelin is a peptide hormone and an endogenous ligand for a G protein-coupled receptor named APJ [7], [8], and apelin and APJ are widely expressed in human organs including hypothalamus, heart, lungs, kidneys, adipose tissue, muscles, and others [9]. Apelin is initially synthesized as a 77-amino-acid
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